These are very old (early to mid-neolithic) and very large linear features stretching across the landscape, irrespective of natural obstacles, running (sometimes) dead straight for anything between a few hundred yards to several miles. ‘Alignments’ appear to be one of the primary features of this type of monument, which also relate to early long-barrows or tombs, making their relationship with water and death very likely. Modern archaeo-speculation links them with stellar, solar and lunar alignments. They may have been ceremonial causeways with multifunctional use; but increasingly it seems these monuments were of greater importance to the ‘gods’ than to humans. As yet however, their exact functions remain unknown!
The word ‘cursus’ (pl. ‘cursuses’) was first used to describe these enigmatic monuments by Will Stukeley in the 17th century – after his idea that they might have been old horse-racing tracks. But from Stukeley onwards, very little was written about them until the late 20th century. Independent archaeologist and psychoanthropology writer, Paul Devereux, wrote one of the first good surveys of cursus monuments in a book co-authored with Nigel Pennick, called Lines on the Landscape (Hale 1989). The best overview of cursus monuments to date (though in need of a good editor) is Roy Loveday’s 2006 work, showing their specific relationship with death and certain topographical features; although a number of Loveday’s ideas were propounded by Devereux many years earlier.
CURSUS MONUMENTS: Bibliography & References
- All Saints Cursus, Bury St. Edmunds – see Fornham All Saints, Suffolk
- Aston Cursus, Derbyshire
- Bannockburn West Cursus, Stirlingshire
- Barnack Cursus, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire
- Barford Cursus, Warwickshire
- Beacon Cursus – see Rudston ‘A’ Cursus
- Bennybeg Cursus, Muthill, Perthshire
- Benson Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Bodicote, Banbury – see East Adderbury Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Broich Cursus, Crieff, Perthshire
- Buscot Wick Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Charlecote Cursus, Warwickshire
- Cleaven Dyke, Caputh, Perthshire
- Corlarach Cursus, Kilmartin, Argyll
- Curriestanes Cursus, Dumfries, Dumfriesshire
- Dorchester Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Drayton Cursus, Abingdon, Oxfordshire
- Drayton St. Leonard Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Drayton South Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Drylawhill Cursus, East Linton, East Lothian
- East Adderbury Cursus, Banbury, Oxfordshire
- Eynesbury 1, St. Neots, Cambridgeshire
- Eynesbury 2, St. Neots, Cambridgeshire
- Eynesbury 3, St. Neots, Cambridgeshire
- Feering Cursus, Essex
- Fimber Cursus – East Yorkshire
- Findern-Willington Cursus – see Potlock, Derbyshire
- Fornham All Saints, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk
- Hasting Hill Cursus, Sunderland
- Godmanchester Cursus, Cambridgeshire
- Holywood (north) Cursus, Newbridge, Dumfries
- Holywood (south) Cursus, Newbridge, Dumfries
- Hutton Moor Cursus, North Yorkshire
- Lechlade Cursus, Gloucestershire
- Lesser Cursus, Larkhill, Wiltshire
- Long Bredy Cursus, Dorset
- Longbridge Farm Cursus, Warwickshire
- Martin’s Down Cursus, Dorset – see Long Bredy Cursus
- Maxey Cursus, Cambridgeshire
- North Stoke Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Nunwick Cursus, Ripon, North Yorkshire
- Old Montrose Cursus, Barnhead, Angus
- Potlock Cursus, Findern, Derbyshire
- Rudston ‘A’ Cursus, East Yorkshire
- Rudston ‘B’ Cursus, East Yorkshire
- Rudston ‘C’ Cursus, East Yorkshire
- Rudston ‘D’ Cursus, East Yorkshire
- Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled, Belan, Montgomeryshire, Wales
- Scorton Cursus, North Yorkshire
- Small Cursus, Larkhill – see Lesser Cursus, Larkhill, Wiltshire
- Sonning Cursus, Reading, Berkshire
- South Stoke Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Spread Eagle Cursus, Aberllynfi, Breconshire
- Springfield Cursus, Chelmsford, Essex
- Stadhampton Cursus, Oxfordshire
- Stanwell Cursus, Heathrow, Surrey
- Stonehenge Cursus, Wiltshire
- Stratford St. Mary Cursus (1), Suffolk
- Stratford St. Mary Cursus (2), Suffolk
- Thornborough Cursus, North Yorkshire
- Thornborough North Cursus, North Yorkshire
- Upper Largie Cursus, Kilmartin, Argyll
- Walton Green Cursus, Lower Harpton, Herefordshire
- Welshpool Cursus – see Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled, Belan
- Westfield Cursus, Whitecraig, East Lothian
- Woldgate Cursus – see Rudston ‘A’ Cursus